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HSE & Safety

HSE & Safety Logic

Incident management, Permit to Work (PTW), toolbox talks, PPE compliance, safety audits, hazard register, and HSE statistics tracking.

PostgreSQL
11 Tables
Schema: hse
Incident Tracking

Overview

HSE (Health, Safety & Environment) is critical for construction sites. The module manages incident reporting and investigation, Permit to Work (PTW) for hazardous activities, daily toolbox talks, PPE compliance checks, safety observations, safety audits, emergency drills, and aggregate HSE statistics. Zero-incident target tracked through proactive leading indicators and reactive lagging indicators.


Hazard ID

PTW Issue

Toolbox Talk

Monitor PPE

Incident Report

Investigate

CAPA

Safety Audit

Statistics
11
HSE Tables
Zero
Incident Target
Daily
Toolbox Talks
100%
PPE Compliance

Status States

StatusDescriptionAllowed ActionsNext States
ReportedIncident reported within 1 hourInvestigate, First AidUnder Investigation
Under InvestigationRoot cause analysis in progressUpdate Findings, CAPACAPA Assigned
CAPA AssignedCorrective actions being implementedComplete Actions, VerifyClosed
ClosedInvestigation complete, CAPA verifiedArchive, Lessons Learned
ActivePTW valid for authorized workMonitor, Extend, CloseExpired, Closed
ExpiredPTW validity period endedRenew or CloseActive, Closed

Incident Categories

Fatal/Major

Loss of life or permanent disability — immediate investigation, regulatory reporting within 2 hours.

Reportable

Lost Time Injury (LTI), Medical Treatment Case (MTC) — investigation within 24 hours.

First Aid

Minor injury treated on-site — recorded in first aid register, root cause documented.

Near Miss

Event with potential for injury but no actual harm — encouraged reporting, trend analysis for prevention.

Database Schema

hse.incident

  • incident_id — PK, unique incident record
  • project_id — FK → project.project
  • incident_date, incident_time, location — When and where
  • category — fatal | ltw | mtc | first_aid | near_miss | property_damage
  • description, root_cause — Details and analysis
  • injured_person_id — FK → optional worker/employee reference
  • severity, status — Impact level and lifecycle

hse.ptw

  • ptw_id — PK, Permit to Work
  • project_id — FK → project.project
  • work_type — hot_work | confined_space | height | excavation | electrical
  • location, description — Work details
  • valid_from, valid_to — Permit validity period
  • issued_by, authorized_by — Approval chain
  • status — Active / Expired / Closed

hse.toolbox_talk

  • talk_id — PK
  • project_id — FK → project.project
  • talk_date, topic — Daily safety briefing
  • conducted_by, attendee_count — Facilitator and attendance
  • key_points, photos_url — Content and evidence

hse.ppe_compliance

  • compliance_id — PK
  • project_id — FK → project.project
  • check_date, checked_by — Inspection details
  • workers_checked, compliant_count, non_compliant_count — PPE check results
  • violations_json — Detailed violation records

hse.safety_audit

  • audit_id — PK
  • project_id — FK → project.project
  • audit_date, audit_type — Scheduled / Surprise / External
  • score, max_score — Percentage compliance
  • findings_count, critical_findings — Issue summary
  • auditor — Internal / External auditor reference

HSE Process Steps

1

Hazard Identification

Site safety team maintains hazard register with identified hazards, risk ratings, and control measures. Daily site walk-throughs identify new hazards.

2

Permit to Work

Before hazardous activities (hot work, confined space, height work), PTW issued by Safety Officer and authorized by Site-in-Charge. PTW has validity period and specific precautions.

3

Daily Toolbox Talk

15-minute safety briefing at start of each shift. Topic selected from safety calendar or based on upcoming activities. Attendance mandatory for all site workers.

4

PPE Compliance Check

Random and scheduled checks for proper PPE usage — helmet, safety shoes, vest, goggles, harness. Non-compliance results in warning → penalty → site removal escalation.

5

Incident Reporting & Investigation

All incidents reported within 1 hour via mobile/web. Investigation team formed based on severity. Root cause analysis (5-Why, Fishbone) conducted. CAPA defined with target dates.

6

Safety Audit

Monthly internal audits score site against safety checklist. Quarterly external audits by independent HSE consultants. Findings tracked until closure.

HSE Queries

HSE Statistics Dashboard

-- Monthly HSE KPIs for project
SELECT
  COUNT(CASE WHEN category = 'ltw' THEN 1 END) AS lti_count,
  COUNT(CASE WHEN category = 'near_miss' THEN 1 END) AS near_miss_count,
  COUNT(CASE WHEN category = 'first_aid' THEN 1 END) AS first_aid_count,
  ss.man_hours, ss.safe_man_hours,
  ROUND(ss.lti_count * 1000000.0 / NULLIF(ss.man_hours, 0), 2) AS ltifr
FROM hse.incident i
JOIN hse.hse_statistics ss ON ss.project_id = i.project_id
WHERE i.project_id = :project_id
  AND i.incident_date BETWEEN :start_date AND :end_date
GROUP BY ss.man_hours, ss.safe_man_hours, ss.lti_count;

Validation Rules

Business Rules

  • PTW Validity: Work cannot proceed without active PTW for classified hazardous activities
  • Incident Timeline: Investigation must start within 24 hours for LTI, 48 hours for MTC
  • Toolbox Daily: At least one toolbox talk must be recorded per project per working day
  • CAPA Closure: CAPA actions must be verified by Safety Manager before incident closure

Integration Points

Connected Modules

  • Project: HSE incidents linked to project for statistics
  • Labour: Worker safety training records and incident history
  • Subcontractor: Subcontractor HSE performance feeds SC rating
  • Audit: Safety audit findings feed internal audit module

Best Practices

Recommended

  • Encourage near-miss reporting with positive recognition (not punishment)
  • Display HSE dashboard at site entrance with current statistics
  • Conduct monthly safety stand-down for all workers
  • Track leading indicators (toolbox talks, inspections) not just lagging (incidents)